Vikram Sarabhai was a visionary scientist who played a key role in shaping India’s space program. He is known as the father of India’s space research and was behind the establishment of ISRO, India’s space agency. Apart from his work in space, Sarabhai contributed to education, founding the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIMA), and supporting the arts through the Darpana Academy of Performing Arts. He dedicated his life to science, technology, and education, leaving a lasting impact on India’s growth and development. His legacy continues to inspire generations.
1. Born on August 12, 1919, Into a Wealthy Textile Family
Vikram Sarabhai was born in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, into the renowned Jain Bania family that owned Calico Mills, a leading textile business. His father, Ambalal Sarabhai, was a visionary industrialist, while his mother, Sarla Devi, managed the Gujarat Vidyapith School. Growing up in such an environment, Vikram imbibed values of education, business acumen, and a deep commitment to India’s development.
2. Earned a Natural Sciences Degree from Cambridge at the Age of 20
After completing his early education in Ahmedabad, Sarabhai attended St. John’s College, University of Cambridge, earning his degree in Natural Sciences in 1940. However, his academic journey faced interruptions due to World War II, prompting him to return to India. Undeterred, he joined the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bangalore under the mentorship of Nobel laureate C.V. Raman. Later, he completed his PhD in Cosmic Rays at Cambridge in 1947, solidifying his expertise in space science.
3. Founded the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) at Just 28
In 1947, Sarabhai founded the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) in Ahmedabad. This institute became India’s first major center for space research, focusing on cosmic rays, atmospheric science, and space technology. PRL was housed in a rented building, showcasing Sarabhai’s determination to start small while dreaming big.
4. Vikram Sarabhai Established ISRO in 1969
Recognizing the potential of space research for a developing nation, Sarabhai founded the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in 1969. His vision was clear: use space technology to address practical issues like communication, weather forecasting, and education in rural areas. Under his leadership, ISRO laid the foundation for India’s space missions, making the country a key player in global space exploration.
5. Launched Rockets from a Church in Thumba
India’s journey into space began in a church in Thumba, Kerala. Sarabhai chose this location due to its proximity to the magnetic equator. With minimal resources, he transformed the church into a rocket-launching station, demonstrating his innovative problem-solving skills. This humble beginning was a precursor to India’s ambitious space program.
6. Aryabhata: The First Indian Satellite Was His Dream
Though Sarabhai passed away before its launch, Aryabhata, India’s first satellite, was a testament to his vision. Launched in 1975, the satellite marked India’s entry into the global space arena. Sarabhai’s efforts ensured that India’s space program was not just about prestige but also about solving real-world problems.
7. Delivered Education to Villages Using Satellites
Sarabhai initiated the Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE) from 1975 to 1976. This project, which used satellites to broadcast educational programs to rural India, was revolutionary. It aimed to bridge the knowledge gap between urban and rural areas, aligning perfectly with Sarabhai’s mission of using technology for societal progress.
8. He Took Charge of India’s Nuclear Program After Homi Bhabha
Following Homi Bhabha’s sudden death in 1966, Sarabhai stepped in as the Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission. He balanced this role with his space research efforts, ensuring India’s nuclear and space programs thrived. His leadership paved the way for India’s advancements in nuclear energy and self-reliance.
9. Vikram Sarabhai Won the Padma Bhushan and Padma Vibhushan
Sarabhai’s contributions to science and technology earned him prestigious accolades. In 1966, he received the Padma Bhushan, one of India’s highest civilian awards. Posthumously, he was honored with the Padma Vibhushan in 1972, cementing his legacy as a national icon.
10. He Married to Classical Dancer Mrinalini Sarabhai
In 1942, Sarabhai married Mrinalini Sarabhai, a renowned classical dancer and cultural ambassador. Together, they blended science and the arts, creating a family environment that valued creativity and innovation. Their children, Mallika and Kartikeya, carried forward their legacy in their respective fields.
11. Vikram Sarabhai Founded IIM Ahmedabad and Darpana Academy
Sarabhai’s contributions extended beyond science. He played a pivotal role in establishing the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIMA), in 1961, which became a global leader in management education. Alongside his wife, he co-founded the Darpana Academy of Performing Arts, promoting Indian culture and arts.
12. Immortalized Through the Web Series Rocket Boys
Vikram Sarabhai’s life and achievements were brought to life in the popular web series Rocket Boys. The series celebrated his contributions to India’s scientific progress, inspiring a new generation to pursue innovation and excellence.
13. Vikram Sarabhai Passed Away at Just 52 but Left a Lasting Legacy
On December 30, 1971, Sarabhai passed away unexpectedly due to cardiac arrest. Despite his short life, his contributions to science, education, and culture remain unparalleled. Institutions like the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre and the Vikram Sarabhai Community Science Centre continue to carry forward his vision.
Conclusion
Vikram Sarabhai’s contributions to science, education, and space research have left an everlasting mark on India. His work continues to inspire future generations, with institutions like the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre and IIMA carrying forward his vision. Through his pioneering spirit, Sarabhai proved that science and technology are essential for progress. His legacy lives on, reminding us of the power of innovation and dedication in shaping a better future.
FAQs
- Did APJ Abdul Kalam work with Vikram Sarabhai?
Yes, APJ Abdul Kalam worked with Vikram Sarabhai in India’s space program, contributing to the development of rockets and satellite technology under ISRO.
- What is the relationship between Homi Bhabha and Vikram Sarabhai?
Homi Bhabha and Vikram Sarabhai were close colleagues, both pioneers in India’s scientific community. Sarabhai was instrumental in establishing ISRO, with Bhabha playing a significant role in India’s atomic energy development.
- Did Vikram Sarabhai founded IIM?
Yes, Vikram Sarabhai was a key figure in the establishment of the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Ahmedabad, which was founded in 1961.
- What is the old name of ISRO?
The old name of ISRO was the Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR), founded in 1962.
- What are some popular rumors about Vikram Sarabhai?
Rumors include his struggles to secure funding for ISRO, political interference, tensions with other scientific leaders, challenges during early rocket launches, and frustration with bureaucratic delays hindering progress.
